Third Party Conflict Resolution Paper Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Outsider Conflict Resolution Paper - Essay Example All things considered, there are consistently possibility of disappointment of those. Hence an emergency course of action is required at record-breaking if the basic procedure is dismissed. Compromise is the aptitude expected to take care of an issue identified with strife. The idea of compromise will in general believer struggle into innovative clash inside cooperation that helps in moving toward peace promotion. This becomes operational once the individuals from a group are made to comprehend that the other party likewise have a stance and it is useful to tune in to the next gathering and comprehend the manner of thinking. When this is explained, the primary parts of contention seize to exist and inventive clash emerges out of general clash. It ought to be referenced that the central purpose for struggle issue is question. This doubt emerges from the parameters of low information about the other person. In the event that it was conceivable to intermix among all the people, it is sure the part of contention would be totally nullified. This is a great endeavor to make light of the conceivable strain among various working gatherings. It is practically similar to an arrangement to actualize peace promotion strategies where strife will in general vanish when an individual comprehends the situation of the other and starts respectin

Strategic growth plan for Simply Coffee Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 5000 words

Key development plan for Simply Coffee - Essay Example There are a few parts which factor into a vital development plan, all which give various options in contrast to nonstop development and improvement of a business. Inside this are a few uncommon choices that are related with independent companies, explicitly in light of the fact that the development consolidates changes inside the outer condition, but on the other hand are comprehensive of manners by which the inner condition needs to change. Joining explicit adjustments can give further improvement inside an association while advancing sound development inside an organization. 2.0 Strategic Growth Plan 2.1 Executive Summary The independent company which will be assessed for a key development plan is â€Å"Simply Coffee.† The focal point of this specific business is to give espresso machines to different organizations that are keen on additional remuneration with the in a hurry idea. The machine is put into a particular business with accessible espresso which the people can pay for while they are experiencing for different requirements. The espresso machines are joined with extraordinary espresso beans that are given routinely to customers to a particular taste, including beans of coffee, latte, cappuccino or customary dark espresso. The organization has given a pledge to practical financial matters, explicitly with an assurance that rainforest won’t be hurt and that the ranchers that give the espresso get reasonable pay. Every one of these items are additionally comprehensive of on †site preparing to interface the machine and ensure that the entirety of the segments are prepared for adjusting so people can get their own espresso while traveling through a line or while in a hurry. Retailers are likewise given showcasing materials, including illustrations, floor designs, wobblers, inside and outside designs and outer pennants (Simply Coffee, 2011). The primary idea of Simply Coffee started quite a while prior as a result of the saw pattern of p eople who required things quicker. The primary belief system was to make an espresso machine which could give an assortment of espressos and without sitting tight for the specific blends which are regularly remembered for cafés. The primary perfect started with seeing that espresso and tea are one of the quickest developing areas in the espresso business and is comprehensive of 22% of deals and development every year and a benefit of 120 million every year. The business is joined with the philosophy of in a hurry getting much progressively well known, explicitly which most of the populace is keen on in light of the need to move rapidly while getting the day by day pleasure in tea or espresso. The machine is intended to offer snappy espresso as well as includes into retail an incentive without occupying retail room. It is through the seen slants in the market and changes which are related with this that has assembled the fundamental interest of the business (Simply Coffee, 2011). 2. 2 Vision and Mission The vision of the Simply Coffee will be founded on development for the espresso machines just as ubiquity that will be given to the individuals who are keen on the espresso. The vision will incorporate retailers actualizing the machines in the stores with constant interest for the espresso beans. The vision will likewise be comprehensive of purchasers perceiving the espresso as high caliber, explicitly corresponding to espresso from home or from bistros. The mission will be founded on development of the interest of the espresso machines and finding the ideal cup for purchasers while they are in a hurry. 2.3 Critical Success Factors The primary idea which should be utilized with Simply Coffee is one which depends on changing the accomplishment of the organization by adjusting the development of the organization. For the organization to succeed, a more grounded arrangement should be actualized with advertising. This should be founded on perceiving the

Sites We Like The Electric Typewriter

Sites We Like The Electric Typewriter For the last two years, I’ve made a personal commitment to try and read more essays and long form journalism. While my goal is really to read through many of the essay collections I have sitting on my bookshelves, I also love coming across websites that do the work of curating great examples of long form writing that I can save to read later (using my current reading app of choice, Pocket). One of my recent favorite sources for online essays is The Electric Typewriter, which collects “selected features, articles and essays from the worlds best journalists and writers.” Each day, the editors post several essays a mixture of new and old on a whole host of topics. They’re often the kinds of essays that can make a reader deeply fascinated in a subject you never knew enough to care about, my favorite kind. Their best feature, however, has to be their collection of reading lists. For many, editors have collected 10 to 30 of the best essays on a particular topic work, the environment, sex in one place. Most lists are broken down further by topic, and each listing includes a brief summary of the article to help pick the ones that might be most interesting. But if books are more your style, the site also has a list of 100 Great Nonfiction Books to consider, with some expected (Into the Wild by Jon Krakauer) and unexpected (The Chronology of Water by Lidia Yuknavitch) choices. Despite reading mostly nonfiction, I’ve only read 20 of the 100 on the list I’m so excited to read more. If you’re a reader of essays, or would like someone to start curating lists of essays for you to try, you won’t do better than The Electric Typewriter. Sign up for True Story to receive nonfiction news, new releases, and must-read forthcoming titles.

Falling The Injury That Restored My True Identity

Falling Foreword: The Injury that Restored my True Identity The warm, glistering sun slipped below the horizon and the cool, crisp air of fall intervened. The stands were packed full on both sides of the stadium. One side, a sea of red. The other, a group of hunters in their blaze orange jackets. Each was split by 100 lush yards of recently-mowed grass. Parents screaming at the tops of their lungs, student sections spitting out demoralizing chants at the opposing teams, and in the midst of all this—somehow--tranquility. In my element, eyes on me, identity as a football star was about to grow even more. That identity all changed, however, when I looked down to see my right thumb dangling like a broken branch on a tree. I stared at my thumb in disbelief, struggling to accept that my senior season and high school career would be coming to an end that night. To make things worse, I knew I would be missing out on our homecoming game, along with the playoffs. Little did I know that this injury would be a pivotal turning point in my life. The lessons of finding the positives in my life, the power of leaning on Christ, and the endless potential in confidence, are what crafted me into the man I am today. My life soon after spiraled downward fast; confidence dwindling, motivation diminishing, and my purpose for life nowhere to be found. I had invested so much into this game I loved and, a lot like my first girlfriend, my injury left me heartbroken and feeling all alone. For aShow MoreRelatedStephen P. Robbins Timothy A. Judge (2011) Organizational Behaviour 15th Edition New Jersey: Prentice Hall393164 Words   |  1573 PagesCharacteristics: Tenure, Religion, Sexual Orientation, and Gender Identity 50 Ability 52 Intellectual Abilities 52 †¢ Physical Abilities 55 †¢ The Role of Disabilities 56 Implementing Diversity Management Strategies 56 Attracting, Selecting, Developing, and Retaining Diverse Employees 56 †¢ Diversity in Groups 58 †¢ Effective Diversity Prog rams 58 Summary and Implications for Managers 60 S A L Self-Assessment Library What’s My Attitude Toward Older People? 40 Myth or Science? â€Å"Dual-Career CouplesRead MoreDeveloping Management Skills404131 Words   |  1617 Pagesintention in this book is not to try to duplicate the popular appeal of the best-selling books nor to utilize the common formula of recounting anecdotal incidents of successful organizations and well-known managers. We have produced a book that remains true to, and is based on, social science and business research. We want to share with you what is known and what is not known about how to develop management skills and how to foster productive, healthy, satisfying, and growth-producing relationships withRead MoreA Picatrix Miscellany52019 Words   |  209 Pagesto absorb magical influences, and this again is followed by suggestions as to the positions of the moon favorable for certain enterprises (pp.22-24). The author opens the final section with his usual formula to the effect that he is returning t o the true subject of his book. Chapter 5 enlarges the discussion of the lunar mansions, by giving thirty-one examples of constellations of a different kind, favorable to the manufacture of talismans. Some of the talismans are described, but no indication isRead MoreHuman Resources Management150900 Words   |  604 Pagesof Asian economies had significant effects on U.S.-based organizations. One estimate by U.S. government statisticians is that over 25% of all U.S. manufacturing workers hold jobs dependent on exporting goods to other countries. This is particularly true with more highly skilled, technical jobs in technology-driven industries. As a result, these export-driven jobs pay wages averaging 25% higher than most other manufacturing jobs.4 On the other hand, the less-skilled manufacturing assembly jobs haveRead MoreAcca F5111177 Words   |  445 Pagesprice of $750 there would be no demand for the packages but for every $10 reduction in price the demand would increase by 1, 000 packages. The managing director appeared to be unconcerned about the loss of market share and argued that profits could be restored to their former level by increasing the mark-up. Required (a) (b) (c) (d) (e) Discuss the managing director s pricing strategy in the circumstances described above. (5 marks) Suggest and explain two alternative strategies that could have been implemented

The Work Bicycle Thieves By Vittorio De Sica - 2024 Words

The work Bicycle Thieves is chosen to be discussed in this essay. Bicycle Thieves is an Italian film published in 1948, directed by Vittorio De Sica. It gained both commercial and artistic success, and have won the Academy Award for Best Foreign Language Film in 1948. The film is famous for its neorealism that reflects the post-war Italian society. In the following essay, I’m going to discuss how did De Sica use the cinematography skills to strengthen his expressions in Bicycle Thieves, and the ways he conveys the meaning of the film. De Sica claimed a film is â€Å"reality transposed into the realm of poetry† (Turan 103). So, the principle of his directing is to be genuine and realistic. This shares some similarities with the ideas of Italian neorealism. According to ‘Ten points of neorealism’ published by the Paris Journal in 1952, a neorealist movie should have some of the following features: a message; topical scripts by concrete events; a sense of the masses; realism; the truth of actors (often non-professionals) and lighting; refusal of the studio (Lielm 131-132). Bicycle Thieves comprise with most of the characteristics mentioned above and made good use of them: First, the selection of the actors. De Sica denied David Selznick’s suggestion of Cary Grant for the lead and his financial support. He insists on selecting unprofessional actors to be the protagonists of the film. The factory worker Lamberto Maggiorani played the leading role Antonio Ricci, and anotherShow MoreRelatedItalian Neorealism ( 1945-1953 )1909 Words   |  8 PagesItalian neorealism (1945-1953), through directors like Roberto Rossellini and Vittorio De Sica, made its trademark on cinematic history not only in Italy, but also throughout the world. It was films such as Rome Open City (Roma città   aperta, 1945), The Bicycle Thief (Ladri di biciclette, 1948), and Umberto D., (1952) whose style of depicting the harsh economic and social realities of the poor and working class of Italy took off as a new cinematic style after World War II. Neorealism is a responseRead MoreTheme Of Neorealism In Ladri Di Biciclette1348 Words   |  6 Pagesscreenwriters who help star t the Neorealism movement in his home county’s cinema once said â€Å" The true purpose on cinema is not to tell fables...There must be no gap between life and what is on the screen.† His screenplay, Ladri Di Biciclette (known as Bicycle Thieves to American audiences) is an artful manifestation of the Italian Neorealism. The film through numerous narrative aspects captures realistic snapshot into the fictional life of a working class family in post WWII Italy, and even has viewers questionRead MoreAnalysis Of Nanook Of The North By Robert Faherty2109 Words   |  9 Pagesfilms, especially by those of Vittorio De Sicca. De Sica pulled documentary filming techniques to make his films seem realistic and to almost have a documentary feel to them. Italian neorealism rejected the opulence of Hollywood and instead only wanted to portray real people and their struggles. To do that De Sica borrowed some techniques that made Flaherty’s films so successful and seemingly r eal; like that of the long take, close-ups, and unobtrusive editing. De Sica wasn’t the only one to borrowRead MoreItalian Neo-Realism Cinema Essay1852 Words   |  8 Pagesestablish itself with the end of World War II with the end of German occupation. 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It also seeks to analyse the film Ladri de Biccilette whilstRead More Vittorio de Sicas The Bicycle Thief Essay3286 Words   |  14 PagesVittorio de Sicas The Bicycle Thief Since the beginning of its existence as a country, Italy has faced enormous challenges in establishing itself as a unified political and social entity. The geographic, economic, and linguistic differences between its various regions and the artificial manner in which they were amalgamated created a legacy of internal divisions that continues to dominate the countrys political climate to this day. Italys numerous historical fiascoes, such as its disastrousRead MoreA Realist Look993 Words   |  4 Pagesformalistic films. In my opinion, and I think Bazin, would agree that editing a scene would rendered it ineffective. The editing becomes in itself unrealistic and causes its own ambiguous meaning. In Realism, if you look at directors like Vittorio De Sica â€Å"The Bicycle Thieves (1948)†, Federico Fellini â€Å"8  ½ (1963)†, Franà §ois Truffaut â€Å"The 400 Blows (1959), and Jean Renoir (The Lower Depths (1945)† they have a better look on reality. As for me, I own all these films and I love them all. I personal love Jean

What Is Discrete Mathematics Free Essays

Mathematical ideas are often divided into two types, those that are continuous, and those that are discrete. An example of continuous is the number line. Between any two points, there are always more points. We will write a custom essay sample on What Is Discrete Mathematics or any similar topic only for you Order Now For discrete sets, this is not true. For instance, in baseball there are four bases. If you get a hit it is either a one-base hit (what we call a single), a two-base hit, a three-base hit, or a home run. There is no such thing as a 2 1/2 base hit. Discrete things are found in bundles or lumps, and you can only have certain numbers of them. Money is another discrete idea because you can not sell anything for $0. 005. Prices can be grouped for specials, like 2 for 99 cents, but if you buy one it is either 49 cents or 50 cents. Discrete does not mean it has to be whole numbers, but it does mean there are only some that can be chosen, and some can not. Discrete sets can be infinite, but they can not be infinitely divisible. For example, the counting numbers from 1 to infinity are discrete, because, like the bases in baseball, you go from one to two and then to three but not the points in between. The number line from 0 to 1 is not discrete but continuous, because between any two points in the set, there is always another point. This is the key that makes the difference. In discrete we can talk about things that are â€Å"next to† each other, with nothing between them, while in continuous sets we cannot. How to cite What Is Discrete Mathematics, Papers

Reviewing The Achievements Of Looked After Kids Social Work Essay Essay Example Essay Example

Reviewing The Achievements Of Looked After Kids Social Work Essay Essay Example Paper Reviewing The Achievements Of Looked After Kids Social Work Essay Introduction Research shows that the educational accomplishments of looked after kids is by and large low. Pulling upon findings from multiple beginnings this research highlights what the grounds may be. Beginnings have shown that looked after kids have hapless educational attainment at GCSE and merely 7 % of looked after kids go through to higher instruction ( Parliament statistics, 2009 ) . The authorities ‘s response to this job has been through underscoring the importance of instruction for kids in attention through a series of publications. With such a high degree of media involvement this issue needs more consideration. Social work practicians who have contact with looked after kids need to be cognizant of how to successfully advance such accomplishment and how to forestall low educational results. This literature reappraisal will inquire why there has n’t been a important alteration in the educational accomplishment of looked after kids and what the deductions are for societal work pattern. Rees, 2006 high spots that the authorities has produced marks to better the educational results for looked after kids. However within the current clime of fiscal restraints most marks can non be met. Therefore the deductions to societal work pattern are huge. Reviewing The Achievements Of Looked After Kids Social Work Essay Body Paragraphs The term looked after was introduced in 1989 by the Children Act. Looked after kids are those who are capable to a attention order, there are about 60,000 kids who are looked after by local governments in England. Statisticss have shown that the chief ground why societal services first engage with looked after kids was because of maltreatment or disregard, when kids are capable to a attention order parental duties are vested in the local authorization through the societal services section. Therefore it ‘s the local authorization ‘s duty to assist these kids entree instruction, to guarantee their results are brighter than the 1 they could hold faced. The authorities ‘s response to this major job has been to bit by bit underscore the importance of instruction for looked after kids in such documents as Every kid affairs ( section of wellness, 2004 ) and Time for a alteration ( section of wellness, 2007 ) . Although Rees, 2006 found that because of the current economic clime we are confronting any marks that the authorities has set the local governments to work to can non be achieved. Previous research has shown that looked after kids have low educational attainment ( Jackson, Ajayi and Quigley, Martin and Jackson, Goddard, Mittler and Jackson, Heath, Colton and Aldgate, Gallagher, Brannan, Jones and Simon ) . 6 % of looked after kids go on to entree third instruction. Several beginnings of research and articles indicate the deficiency of formal makings among kids in attention, hence the chance of them come ining higher instruction negligible. A argument triggered by Lord Listowel highlighted the jobs faced by kids in attention, he argued that the demands of kids in attention were non recognised. He emphasized that despite efforts to better the preparation of staff in residential places some were still non trained in 2005, whereas in other Continental states all staff have two to three old ages of instruction at University degree. Poor educational attainment at GCSE degree was besides highlighted, at approximately one per kid, which is really low compared to 65.3 per centum of the general population. Jackson et Al, 2005 found that kids in attention come ining University needed particular aid, being supported while at that place comparable to that provided to other pupils by their households. Documents found so far have highlighted several grounds for the low educational accomplishments of looked after kids. Heath, Colton and Aldgate, 1994 found that kids who have a history of kid maltreatment or disregard before come ining attention appears to hold permanent effects. They found that merely when exceeding instruction inputs are given that the looked after kids escape disadvantage. A survey by Rees, 2006 echoes this study, most looked after kids that have experienced disregard, maltreatment or rejection are affected enormously. The impact it has can be womb-to-tomb influencing emotional, physical well-being every bit good as s ocietal and educational chances. This study found that equal fond regard is a demand to guarantee recovery, professional attention should guarantee this is established. Poor results for looked after kids demonstrates that we need to better services to better these results. A survey from McLeod, 2008 found that kids in local authorization attention need a positive and sustained personal relationship with their societal worker to advance their well-being. So when this relationship is in upset how much of a negative consequence does it hold on the looked after kid? The Who Cares Trust plants in assisting kids in attention to boom. They found that kids in attention are more likely to travel about than those non in attention and approximately 10 times more likely to hold a statement of particular educational demands. They found that some still do acquire good classs and enter University or follow a career, besides that the associating factor between those making good, despite their past attention experiences has been a individual who has faith in that looked after kid. This research subject was chosen because I have an involvement in looked after kids and their results, holding experience in the subject was besides portion of the ground for taking the research inquiry. I know i want to work in this country hopefully this paper will assist me gain my calling aspirations. I think it ‘s of import to bridge the spread of cognition available to professionals so they have an apprehension of the grounds why the bulk of looked after kids do non entree third instruction and have low educational accomplishments and what societal workers and other professionals can make to assist them accomplish better results. There is no research available which covers this inquiry in item that besides brings in policies and betterments. There are many grounds as to why looked after kids have low instruction attainment, this literature reappraisal will review documents that cover a br oad scope of issues to reason the chief grounds, whilst matching to policies and happening the reply to the proposed inquiry and happening the deductions for societal work pattern Research Question The bulk of looked after kids have low educational accomplishments compared to the remainder of the population. Why is this and what are the deductions for societal work pattern? Design and Method There are a figure of ways that the informations can be collected. A systematic reappraisal could hold been used as its method for roll uping informations, nevertheless the narrow focal point and methods of the systematic reappraisal do n’t let for comprehensive coverage of the subject, whereas the narrative reappraisal is comprehensive and covers a broad scope of issues which is why the narrative reappraisal as the method for roll uping informations was chosen. The job with utilizing a narrative reappraisal is that it ‘s an interpretative exercising which may do prejudice, which th e research worker should be cognizant of at all times. Particularly as they have experience of this country of societal work. The literature used in this thesis will be identified through a systematic hunt of databases, diaries, web sites and books and through mention harvest home. A Narrative reappraisal will be undertaken and finding of the research for inclusion, based upon standards reflecting the methodological quality of documents will be considered. This narrative reappraisal will summarize a scope of primary surveies sing this subject, decisions are drawn by uniting observations from the reappraisal with bing theories and theoretical accounts. A best grounds attack will be used to methodically choose the best literature which was most relevant and of the best quality to include in the reappraisal. Please see appendix 1 for the Search scheme. This best grounds attack selects the literature which has most relevancy to the research inquiry, the literature that gave the best rep ly to the research inquiry and the quality of research methods and how it reported its findings. The overarching topic of this literature reappraisal is to research the research involved in this subject paying peculiar attending to the different attacks and theoretical accounts being considered to increase the educational accomplishment of looked after kids. Resources, hazards and timetable The chief resources to be used throughout this literature reappraisal are the usage of databases, books, computing machines, authorities statute law and attacks. The research worker will hold to pay attending to printing costs and the jobs the research worker may confront in accessing diaries. The research worker will necessitate sufficient equipment to bring forth the reappraisal and a Supervisor to forestall the research worker from traveling off path. The jobs found so far are that non all documents are accessible and this may impact the consequences of the reappraisal. Time direction could be an issue if the research worker does n’t lodge to the timeline set out. Timetable February 2010 March-May 2010 June- August 2010 August- October 2010 November December 2010 January 2011 February 2011 Hand in research proposal. Meet with coach one time finalised subjects to be covered. Continue hunt for documents, read literature Continue reading literature, get down compose up Continue authorship. Re-write and redacting Final cheque, adhering Hand in Dissertation Every month the research worker will run into with their supervisor to discourse advancement with the reappraisal, offer feedback when needed, offer counsel and rede the research worker about affairs of presentation and administration. We will write a custom essay sample on Reviewing The Achievements Of Looked After Kids Social Work Essay Essay Example specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Reviewing The Achievements Of Looked After Kids Social Work Essay Essay Example specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Reviewing The Achievements Of Looked After Kids Social Work Essay Essay Example specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer

The Alternative Learning System Research Paper Example

The Alternative Learning System Research Paper Example The Alternative Learning System Paper The Alternative Learning System Paper Overview: Historical Context of ALS As always, it is best to trace the source of an educational system such as the ALS to the basic and fundamental law of the land. The Philippine Constitution provides for free and compulsory elementary education and free secondary education through the Department of Education (DepEd). This means that all Filipinos have a constitutional right to basic education, and the DepEd is mandated to provide this service to all Filipinos. In the 80’s, the global community launched a campaign called Education for All (EFA) that aimed to eradicate illiteracy and promote functional literacy for all people of the world. Our nation was a signatory to this and as such, committed to providing education for all Filipinos ALTERNATIVE LEARNING SYSTEM is a parallel learning system that provides a viable alternative to the existing formal education. It encompasses both the non formal and informal sources of knowledge and skills. In summary, we say: Basic Education = early childhood education (kindergarten) and elementary education (Grades 1-6) and secondary education (1st-4th year) and ALS (for out- -of- school age children, youth adults and those with special needs). Alternative Learning System = Non Formal Education (NFE) and Informal Education (IEd) A. EXECUTIVE ORDER NO. 356: RENAMING THE BEREAU OF NON FORMAL EDUCATION (BNFE) THE BEREAU OF ALTERNATIVE LEARNING SYSTEM (BALS) On September 13, 2004, the office of the President of the Republic of the Philippines renamed the DepEd’s Bureau of Non Formal Education the Bureau of Alternative Learning System (BALS) through this Executive Order signed by Her Excellency, President Gloria Macapagal-Arroyo. The order directs BALS to provide a systematic and flexible approach to reach all types of learners outside the school system. THIS MEANS THAT by the virtue of this Executive Order, the BALS has given the authority to guide the development of the country’s ALS. Functions of BALS to address the learning needs of all marginalized groups including the deprived, depressed and underserved citizens to coordinate with various agencies for skills development of the learners to expand access to educational opportunities for citizens of different interests, capabilities, demographic characteristics and socio-economic origins and status to promote certification and accreditation for basic education of alternative learning programs both non formal and informal in nature B. EDUCATION FOR ALL (EFA) PLAN by 2015 In 2004, the Philippine government once again committed to participate in the global campaign for Education for All by the year 2015. In this plan, one of the major goals is â€Å"transforming all nonformal and informal education intervention into an ALS to yield more EFA benefits†. This means that the goal is to have in place a credible ALS (consisting of NFE and informal Education) that shall increase functional literacy among the marginalized groups of learners. To this end, certain tasks will need to be undertaken, namely. . Develop and strengthen the DepEd’s BALS and mandate it to serve as the government agency to guide the development of the country’s ALS. 2. Make available public funds for ALS programs of GOs and NGOs subject to the guidelines of BALS. 3. Build and develop a constituency for ALS development. 4. Conduct research and studies to test cost-effective options for delivering quality ALS. 5. Undertake an inventory of available resources in localit ies for literacy interventions outside schools. 6. Ensure a vigorous and credible system for reliably assessing, measuring, validating and communicating competencies acquired through NFE and informal education. In summary, the EFA Plan for 2015 prescribes urgent tasks that will guide the Department of Education in fulfilling the spirit of RA 9155 and EO 356 and ultimately the vision of the Philippine Constitution. It embodies the various programs, projects and direction to achieve the goal of quality ALS for Filipino learners. THE ALS and FORMAL EDUCATION The Two Paths to basic Education Take a look at the figure above. It shows two (2) roads both leading towards the attainment of basic education. One road is marked â€Å"formal education† and it makes use of schools. The other road is marked â€Å"ALS† and it makes use of community learning centers for out-of-school youth and adults and these centers may be a barangay hall, a church, a factory, etc. Notice, too, the travelers in the â€Å"formal education† road and those in the â€Å"ALS† road. In the former, they are young; in the latter, they are both young and old. This illustration suggests that the Filipino can choose to take any of the two (2) roads to acquire basic education. Further, it suggests that the â€Å"ALS† road is open to anyone regardless of age. What is important too is that one may attain basic education even without entering the school system. Because this is a very simple illustration, it does not explain the other important features of ALS. Consequently, a conceptual framework on the relationship between formal education and the ALS is hereby presented. The discussion that follows Figure 2 also explains those theoretical aspects that Figure 1 cannot provide. MAJOR ASPECTS OF COMPARISON Learning Program It shows the learning programs of formal education and those of the ALS. Specifically, formal basic education consists of elementary education which covers Grades 1 to 6 and secondary education which covers 4 year levels. This ALS program on the other hand consists of the Basic Literacy Program which is a program for the illiterates on the basic reading, writing and numeracy skills, and the accreditation Equivalency Program (AE) which is equivalent to the elementary and high school programs of formal education and which address the learning needs of school dropouts or those who have not completed 10 years of schooling as mandated by the Philippine Constitution. SETTING It presents the setting where learning takes place. In the formal school system teaching- learning is conducted primarily in the school. On the other hand, teaching- learning in the ALS occurs in the community learning centers (CLC) which may either be a barangay hall, church, factory, a reading center, or the home. Generally, the learners meet in the CLCs as a group according to an agreement they themselves have set with the facilitator or instructional manager. The rest of the time, learners take home their learning materials to study at their own time. TEACHER In formal education, the teacher is called a classroom teacher who is a professional i. e. licensed to teach (having passed the Licensure Exam for Teachers). The classroom teacher must be a college graduate with degree of either BSEd or BEED. In ALS, the teacher of the Basic Literacy Program is called a facilitator who may be a high school graduate at the very least but must have undergone training as a facilitator. On the other hand, the teacher in the AE Program must be at least a college graduate though not necessarily an Education major but must have undergone training in ALS. AGE OF LEARNER It compares the age of learners in both the formal and ALS System. In formal education, the age of the learner is prescribed. Thus, age of entry in Grade 1, is 6-years and the exit age at 4th year high school is 15 years. On the other hand, there is no age prescribed for learners in the ALS. Oftentimes, learners in the basic Literacy Program are adults, while learners in the AE Program are youth and adults 16 years old and over. CURRICULUM Formal education has the basic education Curriculum (BEC) while the ALS has the ALS curriculum. The learning competencies of both curricula are parallel and comparable although subject matter or content may differ. This means that both curricula are meant to develop competencies that are equivalent in nature. While the BEC curriculum has 5 major subjects English, Science, Math, Filipino, and Makabayan, the ALS curriculum has learning strands which are lifeskills- oriented rather than subject- oriented. The 5 learning strands are the following: -Communication Skills -Development of Self and A Sense of Community -Critical Thinking and Problem Solving -Expanding One’s World Vision Sustainable Use of Resources/Productivity LEARNING MATERIALS It compares the learning materials that are generally used as the main tools for learning in the two systems of learning. Formal education generally makes use textbooks which normally require teachers to facilitate their use. The ALS meanwhile, generally makes use of printed modules which may be used by learners with or without the aid o f a teacher since the materials are designed as self- instructional and therefore self-paced. Also, since the subject matter is not compartmentalized according to subject areas, the modules are said to be integrated. TEACHING METHODOLOGY One of the basic characteristics that differentiates formal education and ALS the teaching methodology. Figure 9 shows that formal education utilizes the principles of pedagogy or the science of learning among children while the ASL utilizes the principles of andragogy, the science of adult learning. Formal education generally makes use of end-of-school year achievement tests for all learning levels in grade 1 to 4th year High School. The ALS generally makes use of end-of-program tests which may be given at any time that a learner completes the program. For the Basic Literacy level, this test is called the Assessment of Basic Literacy (ABL Test) and it measures basic reading, writing and numeracy skills. For the A and E test, the elementary level learner takes the A and E Elementary level test and the secondary level learner takes the A and E Secondary level test. In both cases, the tests measure functional literacy competencies such as the following: 1. communicate effectively 2. solve problems scientifically, creatively and think critically 3. use resources sustain ably and be productive 4. develop oneself and a sense of community 5. expand one’s world view

How to Manipulate INI files from Delphi

How to Manipulate INI files from Delphi INI files are text-based files used for storing an applications configuration data. Even though Windows recommends using the Windows Registry to store application-specific configuration data, in many cases, youll find that INI files provide a quicker way for the program to access its settings. Windows itself even uses INI files;  desktop.ini  and boot.ini  being just two examples. One simple use of INI files  as a status saving mechanism would be to save the size and location of a form if you want a form to reappear at its previous position. Instead of searching through a whole database of information to find the size or location, an INI file is used instead. The INI File Format Initialization or Configuration Settings file (.INI) is a text file with a 64 KB limit divided into sections, each containing zero or more keys. Each key contains zero or more values. Heres an example: [SectionName] keyname1value ;comment keyname2value Section names are enclosed in square brackets and must begin at the beginning of a line. Section and key names are case-insensitive (the case doesnt matter), and cannot contain spacing characters. The key name is followed by an equal sign (), optionally surrounded by spacing characters, which are ignored. If the same section appears more than once in the same file, or if the same key appears more than once in the same section, then the last occurrence prevails. A key can contain string, integer, or boolean value.​ Delphi IDE uses the INI file format in many cases. For example, .DSK files (desktop settings) utilize the INI format. TIniFile Class Delphi provides the TIniFile class, declared in the inifiles.pas unit, with methods to store and retrieve values from INI files. Prior to working with the TIniFile methods, you need to create an instance of the class: uses inifiles; ... var   Ã‚  IniFile : TIniFile; begin   Ã‚  IniFile : TIniFile.Create(myapp.ini) ; The above code creates an IniFile object and assigns myapp.ini to the only property of the class - the FileName property - used to specify the name of the INI file you are to use. The code as written above looks  for the myapp.ini file in the \Windows directory. A better way to store application data is in the applications folder - just specify the full pathname of the file for the Create method: // place the INI in the application folder, // let it have the application name // and ini for extension: iniFile : TIniFile.Create(ChangeFileExt(Application.ExeName,.ini)) ; Reading From INI The TIniFile class has several read methods. The ReadString reads a string value from a key, ReadInteger. ReadFloat and similar are used to read a number from a key. All read methods have a default value that can be used if the entry does not exist. For example, the ReadString is declared as: function ReadString(const Section, Ident, Default: String): String; override; Write to INI The TIniFile has a corresponding write method for each read method. They are WriteString, WriteBool, WriteInteger, etc. For example, if we want a program to remember the name of the last person who used it, when it was, and what the main form coordinates were, we might establish a section called Users, a keyword called Last, Date  to track the information, and a section called Placement  with keys Top,  Left,  Width, and Height. project1.ini   [User]   LastZarko Gajic   Date01/29/2009   [Placement]   Top20   Left35   Width500   Height340 Note that the key named Last holds a string value, Date holds a TDateTime value, and all keys in the Placement section hold an integer value. The OnCreate event of the main form is the perfect place to store the code needed to access the values in the applications initialization file: procedure TMainForm.FormCreate(Sender: TObject) ; var   Ã‚  appINI : TIniFile;   Ã‚  LastUser : string;   Ã‚  LastDate : TDateTime; begin   Ã‚  appINI : TIniFile.Create(ChangeFileExt(Application.ExeName,.ini)) ;   Ã‚  try   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  //if no last user return an empty string   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  LastUser : appINI.ReadString(User,Last,) ;   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  //if no last date return todays date   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  LastDate : appINI.ReadDate(User, Date, Date) ;   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  //show the message   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  ShowMessage(This program was previously used by LastUser on DateToStr(LastDate));   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Top : appINI.ReadInteger(Placement,Top, Top) ;   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Left : appINI.ReadInteger(Placement,Left, Left);   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Width : appINI.ReadInteger(Placement,Width, Width);   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Height : appINI.ReadInteger(Placement,Height, Height);   Ã‚  finally   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  appINI.Free;   Ã‚  end; end; The main forms OnClose event is ideal for the Save INI part of the project. procedure TMainForm.FormClose(Sender: TObject; var Action: TCloseAction) ; var   Ã‚  appINI : TIniFile; begin   Ã‚  appINI : TIniFile.Create(ChangeFileExt(Application.ExeName,.ini)) ; try   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  appINI.WriteString(User,Last,Zarko Gajic) ;   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  appINI.WriteDate(User, Date, Date) ;   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  with appINI, MainForm do   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  begin   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  WriteInteger(Placement,Top, Top) ;   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  WriteInteger(Placement,Left, Left) ;   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  WriteInteger(Placement,Width, Width) ;   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  WriteInteger(Placement,Height, Height) ;   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  end;   Ã‚  finally   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  appIni.Free;   Ã‚  end; end; INI Sections The EraseSection erases an entire section of an INI file. ReadSection and ReadSections fill  a TStringList object with the names of all sections (and key names) in the INI file. INI Limitations Downsides The TIniFile class uses the Windows API  which imposes a limit of 64 KB on INI files. If you need to store more than 64 KB of data, you should use the TMemIniFile. Another problem might arise if you have a section with more than 8 K value. One way to solve the problem is to write your own version of the ReadSection method.

The Simplified Acquisitions Methods- Contract Administration and Essay

The Simplified Acquisitions Methods- Contract Administration and Management - Essay Example Government official can make and pay for a simplified acquisition using cash, purchase order, government wide purchase order at the convenience of the company (small businesses in this case). To win this acquisition, the company must simply provide contracting officials with a quotation. Simplified acquisition is a flexible method of purchasing as procedures vary by contract value. It also favors small businesses in the following ways: reduces administrative costs, improving opportunities for small firms, small disadvantaged firms and women owned small businesses, promotes efficiency and economically essential in acquisition of contracts and finally to avoid unnecessary burden for agencies and contractors. The public law established special requirements for the acquisition of commercial items intended to more closely resemble those customarily used in the commercial marketplace. The federal government developed a unit that conducted market research as an essential element of building an effective strategy for the acquisition of commercial items and establish the foundation for the agency description of need, the solicitation and resulting contracts (Office of the Federal Register US, 2010). The government also set specific procedures for solicitation, evaluation and award of contracts. Those procedures were to be adhered to by the contractors, thus making business favorable for small businesses. Other laws set by the federal government to monitor contracting include: contract quality assurance, notification of overpayment and determination of price reasonableness (Office of the Federal Register US, 2010). The use of technology has been an enormous advancement in the business sector; it makes transfer of information from one party to the other easily and efficiently. This therefore saves time as far as acquisition of products and contracting is concern. This can be achieved by attachment of quotations on a mail for

Mathematics of Finance Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Mathematics of Finance - Essay Example The potential of real option analysis is like Discounted Cash Flows (DCF), and other investment analysis techniques is simply another tool. The two techniques are complementary. Management should employ both methods in the analysis of potential investments and gather information from both (Amram, 2000). Further, we must consider a real option analysis is not ordinarily a simple technique. With it comes an amount of technical comfort required on the part of the analyst in order to implement the technique correctly. Like most techniques derived from financial theory, it is easily abused. Those who will utilize the information provided by real option analysis need training in the proper interpretation of its results (Eiteman, 2007). DCF analysis, defined as the process of valuing capital budgeting projects by discounting their future expected cash flows. DCF framework, defined as the valuing of an asset by discounting its expected future cash flows at some discount rate. Real option analysis is gaining in use and popularity. Senior management prefers this option because it has two sequences of a project. It describes the cash inflows and out flows at different times. Usually this is the way that management sees projects unfold. Real option analysis values management by its very nature.

Biography of Billy Graham and His Accomplishments in His Career :: Billy Graham Religion Evangelism Essays

Biography of Billy Graham and His Accomplishments in His Career "This is the Hour of Decision with Billy Graham, coming to you from Minneapolis Minnesota" Billy Graham, has preached to more than 210 million people through a live audience, more than anyone else in history. Not only that, but Mr. Graham has reached millions more through live televison, video and film. This has led Billy to be on the "Ten Most Admired Men in the World" from the Gallup Poll since 1955 a total of thirty-nine times. This includes thirty-two consecutive more than any other individual in the world, placing him as the most popular American for about forty years. This essay is going to talk about Graham's personal life, and what kind of family he grew up in and im also going to talk in detail about how he became an evangelist, because I feel it is very important yet interesting. His accomplishments in the fifties are uncomparable, so I will be including a considerable amount of information concerning that topic. Finally I will be talking about his personal achievements, bo oks written, and how he has been a companion to some of the American Presidents. William Franklin Graham Jr. was born in Charlotte, North Carolina on November 17, 1918. Graham was raised on a dairy farm by William Franklin (deceased 1962) and Morrow Coffey Graham (deceased 1981). In 1943 he married his wife Ruth McCue Bell, and had four children Virginia 1945, Anne Morrow 1948, Ruth Bell 1950, William Franklin, Jr. 1952, and Nelson Edman 1958. At age eighty, he keeps fit by swimming, playing with is nineteen grand children, and from aerobic walking, in the mountains of North Carolina, where he currently lives. (Billy Graham Best Sellers, 1999) Billy Graham told Time Magazine in one article about his life before becoming a preacher. "I lived on a farm. The only difference was I had to get up early in the morning and go milk cows. When I came back from school that day, I had to milk those same cows. There were about twenty cows I had to milk. By hand. That was before they had those ma chines. I loved being a farmer. But God called me to this work that I'm in now. I knew it was God calling. I said, "Yes. I will follow what God wants me to do." And so I went to two or three schools to get education. Biography of Billy Graham and His Accomplishments in His Career :: Billy Graham Religion Evangelism Essays Biography of Billy Graham and His Accomplishments in His Career "This is the Hour of Decision with Billy Graham, coming to you from Minneapolis Minnesota" Billy Graham, has preached to more than 210 million people through a live audience, more than anyone else in history. Not only that, but Mr. Graham has reached millions more through live televison, video and film. This has led Billy to be on the "Ten Most Admired Men in the World" from the Gallup Poll since 1955 a total of thirty-nine times. This includes thirty-two consecutive more than any other individual in the world, placing him as the most popular American for about forty years. This essay is going to talk about Graham's personal life, and what kind of family he grew up in and im also going to talk in detail about how he became an evangelist, because I feel it is very important yet interesting. His accomplishments in the fifties are uncomparable, so I will be including a considerable amount of information concerning that topic. Finally I will be talking about his personal achievements, bo oks written, and how he has been a companion to some of the American Presidents. William Franklin Graham Jr. was born in Charlotte, North Carolina on November 17, 1918. Graham was raised on a dairy farm by William Franklin (deceased 1962) and Morrow Coffey Graham (deceased 1981). In 1943 he married his wife Ruth McCue Bell, and had four children Virginia 1945, Anne Morrow 1948, Ruth Bell 1950, William Franklin, Jr. 1952, and Nelson Edman 1958. At age eighty, he keeps fit by swimming, playing with is nineteen grand children, and from aerobic walking, in the mountains of North Carolina, where he currently lives. (Billy Graham Best Sellers, 1999) Billy Graham told Time Magazine in one article about his life before becoming a preacher. "I lived on a farm. The only difference was I had to get up early in the morning and go milk cows. When I came back from school that day, I had to milk those same cows. There were about twenty cows I had to milk. By hand. That was before they had those ma chines. I loved being a farmer. But God called me to this work that I'm in now. I knew it was God calling. I said, "Yes. I will follow what God wants me to do." And so I went to two or three schools to get education.

Dove’s campaign for real beauty Essay

Introduction and Problem Statement Unilever, with annual revenues of approximately $50 billion and a staff of 250,000, ranks among the world’s largest companies in consumer products. One of its most famous labels is the personal care brand Dove. In an attempt to reposition the brand and rid it from its â€Å"conservative† image, in 2004, Dove launched its radically new â€Å"Campaign for Real Beauty†. In-house consumer research had revealed major insecurities among women concerning their physical appearance. Hardly any female considered herself to keep up with the standards depicted in regular beauty advertising. Based on these findings, Dove redefined beauty in a way that had been ignored by other players before. Targeting women aged 30 to 39, the campaign’s purpose was to show real female beauty, reflected in different shapes, sizes and ages. The core message was â€Å"No models – but firm curves.† The campaign received enormous attention; sales of Dove-branded products nearly quadrupled and market share increased significantly in various core markets. (for further information please refer to 5.1). Nevertheless, after this great success and image shift, Dove’s major brand management challenge for the upcoming year is how to continue the promotional campaign. The problem can thus be formulated a follows: What should Dove do to prepare for the re-launch of Dove beauty products to the next level and successfully keeping this competitive advantage for global use over time? Alternatives 1. Alternative A: Reap the benefits of brand awareness One possibility for Dove is to seize the opportunity of high brand awareness to extend the brand and enter new target markets while largely continuing  with the women’s marketing mix. A beauty care line for middle-aged men would be introduced, as this segment is not well explored by competitors yet and, age-wise, goes in line with the current female target. Products would connect the moisturizing and mild benefit with attributes like â€Å"energetic† and â€Å"self confident†. Regarding advertisement, this would be communicated using â€Å"normal, average† males and thus stay with the â€Å"Real Beauty† paradigm. However, it is assumed that men are less prone to be self-conscious about their looks. Therefore, perceptions would be assessed in further studies and advertising messages focused on the issues regarded as most critical. 2. Alternative B: Continue to evolve With the current success of the campaign, it might also be reasonable not to introduce significant changes. The idea would thus be to simply extend the brand communication and promotion for two aspects: To give consumers some new insights and keep them excited, advertisements would not merely depict happy, normal women. They would now also include storytelling, showing how average women’s self-confidence helps them in different situations (such as job interviews or dates). Additionally, Dove products would be featured more prominently in these advertisements. Their connection to â€Å"Real Beauty† and self-esteem would be communicated more clearly by showing the women use Dove products prior to making a self-confident experience. 3. Alternative C: It’s all in the product Seeing how the prevalent image in the beauty industry is still one of perfection, Dove might be well-advised to provide for the possibility that identifying with â€Å"imperfect† women loses its appeal to the customer base. Without returning to classic beauty models, the brand could hence decide on detaching the products from body images altogether. The self-esteem topic would still be key, but the main focus lies on the product. For example, women would no longer be shown in campaigns, but merely close-ups of skin and the products – packaging as well as ingredients – themselves. Issues 4. How easy is it for competitors to imitate the strategy? With Dove’s focus on â€Å"Real beauty† seeing such great success, it is likely for  competitors to try and get their piece of the cake by imitating Dove’s strategy. When utilizing a more product-focused strategy, communication will rather be on brand attributes than on the brand image that has successfully been established. As attributes are easier to copy and, consequently, convey, alternative C runs at a respectively higher risk of being imitated. For alternative A, as there will be a new target group to win over, competition is likely to be dangerous from beauty brands that already enjoy a high standing among the relevant consumers (e.g. Gillette). Alternative B builds the most on the current communication strategy, where Dove is well-established and simply needs to keep consumers interested in order to reap its â€Å"first-mover† benefits. 5. In how far are current brand associations held up? As Dove’s â€Å"Real Beauty† campaign was exclusively focused on women, it might be hard to stretch the brand associations to fit the new consumer segment targeted by the portfolio extension (i.e. men). As a consequence, prospective customers could experience difficulty identifying with the brand, whereas current customers could perceive brand values as somewhat diluted by the new attributes. Alternative B will clearly remain the most consistent with the current image; alternative C, on the other hand, runs at a risk of not diluting but rather reducing the brand image by taking away its â€Å"human† dimension. On top of this goes the fact that it is harder to convey brand values when they are not placed in a reference frame (e.g. that of curvy women enjoying themselves). While the core message and self-esteem concern will still be pursued, losing the edge of directly opposing competitive clichà © images might harm the brand’s credibility. 6. Will consumers in the long run withstand the attraction of idealized advertising? Although the move away from idealized models has brought Dove high brand awareness and appealed to many women, it is questionable whether consumers will not fall back into their â€Å"learned† habits of trying to become more perfect. The consequence would be that they are again attracted by competitors. As explained above, alternative C would somewhat prepare for that backward shift. Alternative A, with going into a new target, still has some room for maneuver to introduce slight changes back towards higher  idealization. Alternative B, however, is completely tied to alternative beauty models and thus most exposed to the risk of backward-changing consumer preferences. Conclusion The brand management faces a constrained budget, which makes conducting a combination of these alternatives unfeasible, at least in the short and medium run. The task is hence to select the one most promising alternative. Addressing the issue of sustaining a unique positioning first, it is clear that alternative C provides the least protection against copycat behavior of competitors as it even partly abandons the original concept and thus leaves more space for the rivals to also associate their brands with attributes such as genuineness or sincerity. Similarly, alternative A opens a window for imitation even though it is, arguably, not likely to happen, as the market for men’s personal care is not as profitable as to allow rivals to simply establish themselves as followers in this way. Under alternative B, Dove further elaborates on its positioning which is deeply ingrained in the minds of customers, thus rendering imitation by competitors especially hard and therefore unlikely. As already mentioned, the question of compatibility of the current brand with men’s mindset is questionable. Even though, option A does not have to necessarily alienate the current target group, provided the advertising message is adapted seamlessly and promotes the idea that real beauty comes regardless of sex as it comes regardless of age, ethnicity or shape. Alternative B stays close to the message and does not pose a threat in this regard. Alternative C, however, moves away from the concept, producing incongruity within the brand image. This fact, together with the previous issue, makes alternative C seriously undermine the strategy that Dove has been following and we hence drop it from subsequent discussion. Regarding the risk that people regress to their old habits of following an idealized concept of beauty, alternative B fares better than alternative A. While not reverting to the standard approach to fashion advertising, the  storytelling technique expands the consumers’ understanding of the issues and leads them to process the brand’s benefits more consciously. This should, in turn, inhibit the customers’ inclination towards idealized images in advertising. In this regard, Dove might be worse off under alternative A, as a positioning for two partly distinct target groups can reduce the degree to which each of them associates themselves with the brand. Also alternative B is a mere evolution of the current campaign. From an economic point of view, the fact that the target segment remains the same, the future returns are severely limited. Albeit option A is associated with a higher risk, it has to be concluded that a successful implementation would also enable Dove to unlock a whole new market, making this choice more appealing. The final decision between the two options is difficult. While being somewhat weaker on the side of economic potential, alternative B ultimately outperforms alternative A in regard to other issues. Higher revenues can still be made by expanding geographically, while the image needs to be adapted to fully resonate with the customers. Yet, these alternatives are mutually exclusive only to the extent of the disposable funds. Alternative A might hence very well be the logical extension of Dove’s efforts and the natural next step for a â€Å"phase 3† of its brand relaunch. Additionally, several other factors should be taken into account, such as a possible conflict with other Unilever brands, such as Axe/Lynx. These inconsistencies should be countered with a clear positioning in non-overlapping segments and appropriate PR measures. Also the global dimension of the decision should be kept in mind and the campaign continuously adapted to local circumstances in order to display a high level of fidelity, which is completely crucial if the brand is to sustain its image. Provided Dove manages to avoid pitfalls as these, the brand is best off by evolving its brand communication to further curb female insecurities about themselves while strengthening the link between the image the brand evokes and the products. (For further detail pleas refer to 5). Appendix 7. The company and campaign Dove was originally developed in the United States as a non-irritating skin cleaner for pre-treatment use on burns and wounds during WWII. Nowadays, Dove products are available in more than 35 countries, generating revenues of $3 billion. The Dove product line includes body washes, beauty bars, deodorants, hair and facial care products and lotions. Before Dove set up the marketing strategy, they wanted to understand the relationship of women to beauty, without a special focus on any beauty care products. Therefore the company charged a global research firm, StrategyOne to conduct a research study. Hence, StrategyOne surveyed 3,200 women from around the world. The result of the survey showed a wide disparity between the ideal of beauty pictured in the media and the perception by women themselves. Based on this report, the company redefined beauty in a way that all competitors have ignored. To launch a new campaign Dove used a new and unconventional ideal of beauty, thus they differ si gnificantly from their main competitors. To strengthen the emotional ties to Dove’s target group, the brand and not the single products should be in the foreground. The campaign was launched to increase also revenues and to re-brand Dove. Therefore the advertising budget approximately accounted for $ 27 million in Europe alone. The â€Å"Campaign for Real Beauty† began in September 2004, when a website for beauty debates was established. The main target group was 30- to 30-year-old women who could identify with the new brand mission statement â€Å"to make more women feel beautiful every day, by widening today’s stereotypical view of beauty and inspiring women to take great care of themselves†. To transmit the core message Dove’s ads contained no models, but firm curves. The promotion also showed a group of women of different ages, shapes and racial backgrounds that were just having a good time in bras and knickers. Therefore the models were chosen in a â€Å"street casting† to achieve a great acceptance among the observers. Traditional television and magazine advertising was supported by outdoor ads, such as billboards, posters and signs. The results were dramatic, because the advertisement gained a massive media coverage. The brand had a sophisticated image shift and is now described by adjectives like â€Å"open†, â€Å"active† and â€Å"self-confident†. The  turnaround was really striking. [1] 2. PEST Analysis [pic] Figure 7: PEST Analysis Political factors: As Unilever and therefore also Dove are globally acting brands, there are several political and legal factors that could influence the performance of the company. For example the political stability in different countries is not as stable as in Europe. Therefore a quick change in laws can occur, like the employment laws, health and safety laws, consumer laws etc. It is also possible that new import tariffs are introduced. Hence, regarding those  changes the costs for Dove could increase and the demand for the products could be reduced. Economic factors: Economic factors can have major impact on business and future decisions. Those factors include an economic downturn, volatile exchange rates and inflation rates in the operating countries. It is possible that Dove has to increase prices due to different circumstances like increased ingredients price and therefore the demand for the products could decrease. Social factors: Social factors as lifestyle and cultural values vary from region to region. As Dove launched the unique campaign they have to be careful that they adapt it to the different cultural environments and lifestyles around the globe. But also brands have a great impact on peoples’ lifestyle and can change it. Technological factors: Technology is also necessary for Dove’s success and competitive advantage. This includes for example research and development activities and information technologies (with their interactive website). To maintain the competitive advantage being a moisturizing product, Dove has to rely on the technological progress and has to be a first mover. 3. Porter’s five forces [pic] Figure 8: Porter’s five forces Threat of new entrants: As Dove had great success with their â€Å"real beauty campaign† there is a potential risk for new entrants. But Dove is one of the best brands over the world and competitors have to face that. They have an outstanding marketing strategy and high quality products. But barriers to enter the market are low threat of new entrants can therefore be rated as medium. Bargaining power of suppliers: Dove is a sub-brand of Unilever that as lots of suppliers over the world. Therefore Unilever as the parent company has power to influence the suppliers and switch them easily. So Dove has also a sort of pressure on their suppliers and can cut down prices and establish tight relationships with suppliers. Hence, bargaining power of suppliers is low. Bargaining power of buyers: As there are many competitors within the industry, Dove’s customers can easily switch to another label. But the Dove brand stands for high-quality products and promotes real beauty in their campaigns so they rely on loyal consumers. However, you cannot only trust in the sustainability of the campaign in the long run, the bargaining power of buyer has to be rated high. Competitive rivalry within the industry: The main competitors of Unilever are Procter & Gamble and Colgate-Palmolive, because their sub-brands are quite similar to Dove. In the beauty industry there is verly little product differentiation and similar product offerings, as well as little trade secrets. This leaves little room for competitive advantage, but Dove has always remained at number one, because of their loyal consumers and their moisturizing skin quality products. However, it is easily to switch to other high-end products and also to private label brands, therefore competitive rivalry is high in the operated industry. Threat of substitute products: There is a treat of replacing Dove products by competitors’ products, but people will always need toiletries and therefore cannot easily substitute the line. They can only switch within the existing industry, but as people love Dove and their campaign there is just medium threat of its replacement with present products. 9. Alternative/Issue weight |Issues |Alternative A |Alternative B |Alternative C | |Threat of imitation 50 % |- |+ |- | |Brand consistency 30 % |~ |+ |- | |Ideals 20 % |~ |- |+ | Table 2: Alternative/Issue Weight As you can see from the alternative/issue weight table above, the threat of imitation is the most serious one. As only alternative B is to be forearmed against this risk it is the most desirable one. Also in line with brand consistency alternative B scores highest, followed by alternative A that would try to win over a new target group, but with the same values. Alternative C is the most promising one if it comes to society’s ideals. As markers want to sell hope, this alternative would fight against the society’s upcoming doubts about â€Å"average, normal† models. All in all, you can see that alternative B is due to our table the most promising one. References †¢ Hips feel good† – Dove’s campaign for real beauty, Richard Ivey School of Business, Northeastern University, College of Business Administration, Canada, 2009 ———————– [1] Adapted from â€Å"Hips feel good† – Dove’s campaign for real beauty, Richard Ivey School of Business, 2009, p. 3ff ———————– Figure 1: Unilever logo, source: http://www.greenerpackage.com/certifications/unilever_adopts_paper-sourcing_policy_meet_sustainability_goals Figure 2: Dove logo, source: http://quizbazaar.blogspot.co.at/2010/07/animal-logos-trivia-series-3.html, Figure 3: Hips feel good, source: http://greatness-with-gumption.blogspot.co.at/2010/10/beauty-in-bottle-why-dove-can-kiss-my.html Figure 4: The campaign, source: http://www.adverbox.com/ads/dove/ Figure 6: The campaign, source: http://www.adverbox.com/ads/dove/ Figure 5: The campaign, source: http://www.adverbox.com/ads/dove/

Essay on Public School Choice Improves Student Achievement

School Choice Improves Student Achievement In his new budget, President Obama proposed to substantially increase federal spending to improve public schools. Yet steady spending increases of the last three decades resulted in little change in the poor achievement of students that worries many citizens. Much research, however, shows that what works well is parental choice among schools fairly competing for students as in the case of traditional, tuition-based private schools. Rigorous studies comparing students randomly selected or not to oversubscribed private and charter schools as well as large, statistically controlled surveys show that these schools excel in achievement and parental satisfaction. Surveys show the majority of†¦show more content†¦Viewing charter schools as competitors to the schools they run directly and under teachers union pressures, district school boards further restrict charter schools. Viewing them as competitors, they impose dysfunctional regulations on charter schools and deny applications for new ones. For these reasons, the numbers of charter schools have stopped growing at their initial fast pace. Unions, public school authorities, and legislators have even more successfully resisted even successful school vouchers that provide scholarships for parents to send their children to independent or parochial schools. The advantages of vouchers are that they largely bypass the dysfunctional regulations and practices of the public sector and allow parents to choose the schools most suitable for their children, which they best know and care about. Large-scale studies, moreover, show that the higher the percentage of students attending private and charter schools within states, the higher the average achievement of all students. Studies of countries show the same pattern; the greater the percentage of students attending private schools, the higher the country’s achievement. As shown in comparisons of public and private provision of services in many industries, private competition works well for consumers, allows successful contenders to thrive, and causes failing organizations to change or close. The next logical step in school choice is for-profitShow MoreRelatedShould Children Have A Special Need?1676 Words   |  7 PagesShould children in today’s world who have a special need or don’t have a special need be held back in school? Should they be the one’s who are responsible for not reaching academic proficiency due to having a disability or unable to reach grade level standards? The No Child Left Behind Act gives all children a fair, equal chance to reach the minimum proficiency on standard academic assessments that they are expected to take whether they have a disability or not. 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